Binary

In binary counting, 2 digits, 1 and 0, are used to form numbers.

Binary counting
To understand how one counts in binary, we should first understand how this is done in decimal.

Suppose we have the number 14. Since we use base 10, 14 can be written as: 4*10^0 + 1*10^1. The coefficients of the powers of 10 can vary from 0 to 9 (=10-1).

This is not different when counting in binary, only we use base 2 to form the number: 14 = 1*2^3+1*2^2+1*2^1+0*2^0. Now the coefficients vary from 0 to 1 (=2-1).